Windows Maintenance

This lab will be done using VirtualBox

In this lab you will perform common Windows maintenance tasks

Part 1

Create the virtual machine

1. Open a web browser on your system and go to https://guac.nl.northweststate.edu
2. Login to the Guacamole server using your assigned username and password
3. Login to the nlstu-s1.nl.northweststate.edu system using your assigned username and password
4. Start the VirtualBox program by clicking the Activities menu, typing VirtualBox into the Type to search field then clicking Oracle VM VirtualBox button
5. Click the Machine menu then choose the New... option
6. Type in yourusername-cit191 in the Name field
7. If necessary, change the Type: field to read Microsoft Windows
8. If necessary, change the Version: field to read Windows 11 (64 bit)
9. Click the Next button
10. Change the MB field to read 4096
11. Click Next
12. Verify that the selected option is Create a virtual disk now then click Create
13. Accept the default hard disk file type by clicking Next
14. Accept the default storage on the physical hard drive by clicking Next
15. Change the Size of the drive to 60 GB
16. Click Next
17. Click Finish
18. Make sure the machine you just created is selected in the Oracle VM VirtualBox window
19. Click the Settings button
20. Select Network
21. Pull down the Attached to: menu and choose the option labeled Internal Network
22. Type yourusername-cit191-net into the Name: field
23. Click OK

Part 2

Insert (mount) the virtual media (cdrom) into the virtual drive

1. Make sure the yourusername-cit191 system is selected
2. Click the Settings button
3. Select Storage
4. Click the icon that looks like a CD and is labeled Empty
5. To the right of the Attribute labeled Optical Drive: there is a pull down menu containing an icon that looks like a CD, click this menu
6. Choose the option Choose a disk file... from the resulting menu
7. Select the + Other Locations option on the left hand pane of the window
8. Double click the Computer option in the right pane of the window
9. Double click the imports folder
10. Double click the ISO folder
11. Select the file Win11-EnterpriseEval-22H2.ISO
12. Click the Open button
13. Click the OK button

Part 3

Install the Windows 11 operating system on the new virtual machine

1. Click the Start button
2. If prompted to select a start-up disk click Cancel
3. Click the Do not show this message again option in any VirtualBox - Information dialog boxes that appear
4. When you see the text Press any key to boot from CD or DVD press the <SPACEBAR>
   • If you do not press the <SPACEBAR> quickly enough the EFI shell program will load and the Shell> menu will appear ( Example )
   • If the the Shell> menu appears you can reset the machine and try again by going to the Input menu and choosing the Keyboard->Insert Ctrl-Alt-Del
5. When prompted, verify that the installation settings are correct by clicking Next
   • NOTE: There are no mouse or video drivers installed on the system yet so the mouse may be difficult to work with
6. Click Install now
7. Review the license agreement
8. Click the box labeled I accept the license terms
9. Click Next
10. Click Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)
11. Make sure the option Drive 0 Unallocated Space is select then click Next at the Where do you want to install Windows? dialog box
12. Wait... it could take up to thirty minutes before you get to the next step
13. Select United States when you see the Is this the right country or region page
14. Click Yes
15. Select US when you see the Is this the right keyboard layout or input method page
16. Click Yes
17. Click Skip when you see the Want to add a second keyboard page
18. Click I don't have internet when you see the Let's connect you to a network page
19. Click Continue with limited setup when you see the Connect now to quickly get started on your device page
20. Type yourusername into the Name textbox
21. Click Next
22. Type Password01 into the Password textbox then click Next
23. Type Password01 into the Confirm password textbox then click Next
24. Select a security question from the Security question (1 of 3) pull down menu
25. Type an answer to the security question then click Next
26. Select a security question from the Security question (2 of 3) pull down menu
27. Type an answer to the security question then click Next
28. Select a security question from the Security question (3 of 3) pull down menu
29. Type an answer to the security question then click Next
30. Click Next on the first of the Choose privacy settings for your device windows
31. Click Next on the second of the Choose privacy settings for your device windows
32. Click Accept on the final of the Choose privacy settings for your device windows
33. Wait for the Windows setup process to complete

Part 4

Install Drivers and Optimize Windows for Remote Access

1. Below the title bar of the Oracle VM VirtualBox window in which your virtual machine is running, select the Devices menu bar option then choose the option labeled Insert Guest Additions CD image...
2. Back in the VM, open the command prompt as the administrator by right clicking the Start button and choosing either the Windows PowerShell (Admin) or Terminal (Admin) option
3. Click Yes in the User Account Control dialog box
4. Type the command d:\VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe
5. Click Next to start the Wizard
6. Click Next to accept the default install location
7. Click Install to start the installation
8. Click Install in any Windows Security dialog boxes that appear
9. Click Finish
10. After the machine has booted click on the Welcome screen to display the login window
11. Enter in the password Password01 and click the Continue button (the arrow pointing to the right)
12. Right click on the desktop and choose the Personalize option
13. Scroll down the page to find and expand the Background category
14. Change the Personalize your background setting to Solid color
15. Choose a background color then close the Settings window
16. Right click the Start button and choose the System option
17. Scroll down the page then click the Advanced system settings link
18. Click the Settings... button in the Performance part of the window
19. Select the Adjust for best performance radio button then click OK
20. Click OK to close the System Properties window
21. Close all open windows

Part 5

Install a new hard drive

1. Click the Start menu and then the Power button
2. Choose the Shut down option
3. Select the yourusername-cit191 virtual machine
4. Click on the Settings button
5. Select the Storage category
6. Make sure the SATA Controller is selected
7. Click the Adds hard disk button which is an icon that looks like a hard drive containing a green plus sign ( Example )
8. Click the Create button
9. Make sure the VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) option is selected and click Next
10. Accept the default settings on the Sorage on physical hard disk page by clicking Next
11. Accept the default size and location by clicking Finish
12. Ensure that the disk you just created is selected then click Choose
13. Click OK

Part 6

Configure the new hard drive and move the Windows swap file

1. Start the virtual machine and login
2. Click the File Explorer button on the task bar
   • The File Explorer button is an icon that looks like a folder
3. Right click This PC and choose the Show more options option
4. Select the Manage option
5. Select the Disk Management option on the left side of the screen
6. Click OK to initialize the disk
7. Right click the Unallocated space on Disk 1 and choose the option New Simple Volume...
8. Click Next four times to accept all default configuration options
9. Click Finish
10. Close the Computer Management window
11. In File Explorer, right click This PC and choose the Properties option
12. Scroll down the page then click the Advanced system settings link
13. Click the Settings... button in the Performance section of the window
14. Select the Advanced tab
15. Click the Change... button
16. Make sure the box labeled Automatically manage paging file size for all drives is unchecked
17. Select drive E: and choose the option Custom size:
18. Type 1024 into both the Initial size (MB): and the Maximum size (MB): fields
19. Click the Set button
20. Click OK four times to close the System Properties dialog box
21. Click Restart Now

Part 7

Perform common hard drive maintenance

1. Login to the virtual machine
2. Click the Search (magnifying glass) button on the task bar
3. Type storage sense into the Type here to search field
4. Select the Turn on Storage Sense option
5. Expand the Storage Sense category found below the Storage management header
6. Change the Delete files in my Downloads folder if they haven't been opened for more than: pull down menu to 60 days
7. Close the Settings window
8. Click the File Explorer button on the task bar
9. Click This PC
10. Right click Local Disk (C:) and choose Properties
11. Click the Tools tab
12. Click the button Optimize
13. Make sure the Drive (C:) is selected and click the Analyze button
14. After the drive has been analyzed, click Optimize
15. After the process has completed click Close
16. Click the Check button under the Error-checking section
17. Click Scan drive
18. Click Close when the scan is complete
19. Click OK to close the Local Disk (C:) Properties window

Part 8

Create a file, back up user data and perform a system restore point

1. Click the File Explorer button on the task bar then open the Documents folder
2. Click the New button then select Text Document
3. Name the document VeryImportantData
4. Double click on the document VeryImportantData
5. Type your name into the empty document
6. Go to the File menu and choose the Save option
7. Close the document
8. Click the Search (magnifying glass) button on the task bar
9. Type file history into the Type here to search field
10. Click the File History icon
11. Click the Turn on button
12. Close the File History window
13. Click the Search (magnifying glass) button on the task bar
14. Type create a restore point into the Type here to search field
15. Click the Create a restore point icon
16. In the Protection Settings list select Local Disk (C:)(System)
17. Click the Configure... button
18. Click the Turn on system protection radio button
19. Adjust the Max Usage: slider to indicate that 5% of the disk can be used for system protection
20. Click the OK button
21. Click the Create button
22. Type in your full name into the description field and click Create
23. After the restore point has been created, click Close
24. Click the System Restore... button
25. Click Next at the Restore system files and settings window
26. Verify that a restore point with the description your full name exists
27. Click the Cancel button
28. Close all open windows

Part 9

Break the system and delete data to simulate a system failure

1. Below the title bar of the Oracle VM VirtualBox window in which your virtual machine is running, select the Machine menu bar option then choose the option labeled Take Snapshot...
2. Type in Before Part 9 into the Snapshot Name field
3. Click the OK button
4. Take a minute and note the wallpaper/background set on the system
5. Delete the document VeryImportantData found in the Documents folder
6. Right click the Start button and choose the Terminal (Admin) option
7. Click Yes in the UAC dialog box
8. Type the command reg delete hkcu /f
   • This command deletes the part of the registry that configures your local environment
9. Reboot the computer and notice that the wallpaper/background has changed
   • NOTE: This happens because you deleted all your local settings

Part 10

Repair the system

1. Click the Search (magnifying glass) button on the task bar
2. Type create a restore point into the Type here to search field
3. Click the Create a restore point icon
4. Click the System Restore... button
5. Click Next when the system restore wizard starts
6. Select the restore point containing your name then click Next
7. Click Finish
8. Click Yes
9. After the system restore has completed login in to the virtual machine
10. Click Close when you are informed that the restore has completed and that your documents have not been affected
11. Restart the system
12. Note that your original wallpaper/background has been restored
13. Look at the contents of the Documents folder
    • Notice that the System Restore procedure did not restore the deleted VeryImportantData file
14. Click the Start button, then type file history into the Type here to search field
15. Click the Restore personal files link
16. Double click the Documents folder
17. Select the VeryImportantData file then click the green Restore button
18. Open the VeryImportantData file and verify that it still contains your name

Part 11

Take screen shots

1. Type create a restore point into the Type here to search field
2. Click the Create a restore point icon
3. Click the System Restore... button
4. Take a screen shot making sure that the entire Oracle VM VirtualBox window is shown, name it maintenance-1.jpg ( Example ) and upload it to the class web site
5. Click the Cancel button
6. Go to the PowerShell command prompt
7. Type the command get-childitem e:\
8. Type the command get-childitem e:\ -hidden -system
9. Type your full name into the command prompt, take a screen shot making sure that the entire Oracle VM VirtualBox window is shown, label it maintenance-2.jpg ( Example ) and submit it to the class web site